exert是什么意思,exert怎么用

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exert

考研 CET4 CET6 TOEFL TEM4 TEM8


📰 外刊例句

Founders can exert unhealthy influence over Western firms, too, but they typically do so using their shareholdings. 在西方,创始人也可能对公司施加有害的影响,不过通常都是利用手中的股权达到目的。

—— 《经济学人》

—— 《纽约时报》


📖 基本释义

[verb] apply or bring to bear (a force, influence, or quality)
[动词] 运用或施加(某种力量、影响或特质)


💡 深入解读

Exert 一次源自拉丁语exerere/exserere(向前推、向外推),由前缀ex-(出)+词根ert(能量、活力;工作)构成,17世纪70年代进入英语后最初也是用来表示“向前推、向外推”,对应今义“使出、发挥”力量、努力等,

比如:

The moon exerts a force on the earth that causes the tides.月球对地球的吸引力引起潮汐。

In order to avert failure he would have to exert himself.而 exert oneself 这个字面意思是“向前推自己”或者说“发挥自己”的常用搭配,实则是指“努力、竭力、尽力”,也就是在体力或脑力上付出巨大的努力,使自己投入到行动或费力累人的事情中去,比如:他必须努力才能避免失败。

The boss always exerts considerable pressure on us to work extra hours without being paid. We are facing a showdown with him tonight.等到了17世纪80年代后, exert 开始发展出现在的主要含义指“运用、行使、施加”,主要指积极坚定地且持续有力地运用权威、权力或者施加影响、压力等来使某事发生或产生某种特定的效果,比如:老板总是向我们施加巨大的压力迫使我们无偿加班。今晚我们将和他摊牌。


📚 名著用例

Could she exert herself it would be better, but this is not to be expected; and as to my father, I never in my life saw him so affected. 要是她能勉强克制一下,事情也许要好些,可惜她无法办到。讲到父亲,我一辈子也没见过他这样难受。

— 出自《19世纪英国小说家简·奥斯丁(Jane Austen)的代表作《傲慢与偏见》( Pride and Prejudice )。》


🔍 同近义词

  • exercise: use or apply (a faculty, right, or process)
  • wield: have and be able to use (power or influence)
  • bring to bear: exert influence or pressure so as to cause a particular result
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