spiral是什么意思,spiral怎么用

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spiral

考研 CET6 IELTS TOEFL TEM8 GMAT


📰 外刊例句

Fear proves contagious, leading to a spiral of self-fulfilling pessimism. 事实证明恐慌是会传染的,并最终让人们在悲观情绪中越陷越深。

—— 《经济学人》

—— 《纽约时报》


📖 基本释义

[adjective] winding in a continuous and gradually widening (or tightening) curve, either around a central point on a flat plane or about an axis so as to form a cone
[形容词] 螺旋的


💡 深入解读

Spiral 一词源自拉丁语spira(线圈、折叠、弯曲、螺旋),16世纪50年代进入英语后先是作形容词表示“螺旋形的、螺旋式的”,既可以指平面上的螺旋线,比如玩具发条这类螺旋弹簧(spiralspring)。也可以用来形容蜗牛壳、螺旋式楼梯等呈圆锥形的立体形状,

比如:

A snail's shell is spiral in form.蜗牛壳呈螺旋形。

到了17世纪50年代后, spiral 开始发展出名词含义指“螺旋形、螺旋形的东西”。就螺旋形的事物来说,除了蜗牛壳和上面《纽约时报》例句中提到的螺旋线圈活页笔记本外,小站的老铁们可能还会想起小站(微信公众号:田间小站)在熟词僻义 | wage 是一种什么动作?一文中提到过的price/wage spiral(物价和工资螺旋上升)。用作动词时, spiral 自然表示“螺旋形行进、盘旋式上升或下降”,

比如:

The plane spiralled down to the ground and landed safely.飞机盘旋降落,并成功着陆。

Spiralling costs have squeezed profits. The moribund company is divesting its less profitable business operations.不过这个概念常被用来引申指数量、成本、价格等“急剧增长、急剧下降”或局面、局势等“急剧变化、恶性螺旋变化”,既可以作名词也可以作动词使用,多指不断有害地增加或减少某物,并且速度变得越来越快也越来越难控制,就像螺旋线变得越来越宽那般,常搭配 upward 或 downward 一起使用,比如:急剧上升的成本压缩了利润空间。该行将倒闭的公司打算出售其盈利较差的业务。

This year's downward spiral of house prices has depressed the market. But at the same time, analysts expect the exorbitant share price to remain buoyant.今年房价的持续下跌造成了市场的疲软。但与此同时,分析家们预计高得离谱的股票价格将持续上涨。

Seems as if someone's on a downward spiral.值得注意的是, spiral 的现在分词在英式英语中拼作 spiralling ,在美式英语中拼作 spiraling ,而其过去式和过去分词在英式英语中拼作 spiralled ,在美式英语中拼作 spiraled 。影视用例查看视频请点击:小词详解 | spiral

似乎有人在走下坡路啊。出自2010年美国爱情喜剧电影《绯闻计划》(Easy A

coil: a length of something wound or arranged in a spiral or sequence of rings helix: an object having a three-dimensional shape like that of a wire wound uniformly in a single layer around a cylinder or cone, as in a corkscrew or spiral staircase curl: something having a spiral or inwardly curved form, especia同近义词


🔍 同近义词

  • coil: a length of something wound or arranged in a spiral or sequence of rings
  • helix: an object having a three-dimensional shape like that of a wire wound uniformly in a single layer around a cylinder or cone, as in a corkscrew or spiral staircase
  • curl: something having a spiral or inwardly curved form, especia
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