scrutiny是什么意思,scrutiny怎么用
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scrutiny
考研 IELTS TEM8
📰 外刊例句
Powerful companies can be a boon to customers, but they still deserve scrutiny . 实力强大的公司可以成为消费者的福音,但仍需对它们密切留意。
—— 《经济学人》
—— 《纽约时报》
📖 基本释义
[noun] critical observation or examination
[名词] 审慎的观察或检查
💡 深入解读
Scrutiny 一词源自晚期拉丁语scrutinium(搜查、调查,该词在中古拉丁语中类似小站之前推送过的ballot指“无记名的投票方式”),15世纪初进入英语后先是指“在选举过程中进行个人投票”,对应今义指选举新教皇时“红衣主教所投下的一张选票”。等到了17世纪后, scrutiny 才开始用来表示现在的主要含义,指“仔细检查、认真彻底的审查”,作为正式用语使用,强调密切观察和关注细节,
比如:
His feeble argument doesn't really stand up to scrutiny.他那站不住脚的观点经不起认真推敲。
Monetary policy has come under close scrutiny recently since the problem of inflation had reached epic proportions.由于通货膨胀问题已经到了极其严重的地步,政府的货币政策近来受到了认真彻底的审查。
The timid girl felt herself under scrutiny and caught her sister's eyes upon her.此外, scrutiny 也可以单纯用来表示“细看、细阅”这个动作,与 glance (匆匆一看、迅速瞥一眼、扫视)相反,以及引申表示“密切关注”或“监视、监督”,比如:那个羞怯的女孩觉得有人在仔细打量她,一看原来是她的姐姐。
His private life came under media scrutiny. However, not a whiff of scandal had ever tainted his private life.他的私生活受到媒体的密切关注。不过,他的私生活没有爆出过一丁点儿的丑闻。
She leaned forward to scrutinize their faces.而从 scrutiny 衍生出来的动词 scrutinize 或 scrutinise 则相应表示“仔细察看、认真检查、细致审查”,比如:她探身向前,端详他们的面容。
📚 名著用例
Excitedly, he envisaged his headless Naseem tingling beneath the scrutiny of his eyes, his thermometer, his stethoscope, his fingers, and trying to build a picture in her mind of him. 他满心兴奋,心中想象着这个脑袋不知是什么样子的纳西姆在他的眼睛、体温计、听诊器和他的手指的诊治下面红耳赤的神态,她心中也正努力试图勾画出他的模样来。
— 出自《印裔英国作家萨尔曼·鲁西迪(Salman Rushdie,又译萨尔曼·拉什迪)在1981年出版的长篇小说《午夜之子》( Midnight's Children )。》
🔍 同近义词
- audit: a systematic review or assessment of something
- inspection: careful examination or scrutiny
- exploration: thorough examination of a subject

