小词详解 | sanitary

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sanitary

IELTS TOEFL TEM8 GMAT


📰 外刊例句

The enormous ships steaming into and out of the world’s ports do not only carry cargo. They also represent paperwork: bills of lading (BOLs), packing lists, letters of credit, insurance policies, orders, invoices, sanitary certificates, certificates of origin. 进出世界各个港口的巨轮不仅装载着货物,还伴随着一系列文书单据:提单(BOL)、装箱单、信用证、保险单、订单、发票、卫生检疫证书、原产地证书。

—— 《经济学人》

—— 《纽约时报》


📖 基本释义

[adjective] relating to the conditions that affect hygiene and health, especially the supply of sewage facilities and clean drinking water
[形容词] 与影响卫生和健康的条件有关的,特别是污水处理设施和清洁饮用水的供应条件


💡 深入解读

Sanitary 一词源自拉丁语sanitas(健康),1823年经法语sanitaire

(卫生的、公共卫生的;卫生设备的;救护的)进入英语后,也是用来表示“卫生的、公共卫生的、环境卫生的”,主要指与居住场所的影响卫生和健康的条件相关的,特别是污水处理设施和清洁饮用水的供应条件,比如:

卫生条件之差令人震惊。

Sanitary conditions are appalling.

The hut had no cooking or sanitary facilities.这间茅屋里没有厨具和卫生设施。

在这个概念下, sanitary 也可以用来形容某个地方“卫生的、清洁的、干净的”,比如:

It's not sanitary to let flies come near food.让苍蝇飞近食物是不卫生的。

等到了1881年后, sanitary 开始用在女性用品领域表示“月经期使用的”,比如:

sanitary pad/towel/napkin or menstrual pad卫生巾

月经带

sanitary belt

We need to always be vigilant on the sanitary issues.名人用例

aseptic: free from contamination caused by harmful bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms hygienic: conducive to maintaining health and preventing disease, especially by being clean; sanitary sterile: free from bacteria or other living microorganisms; totally clean我们需要时刻警惕卫生问题。出自美国政治人物、共和党成员迈克尔·欧文·约翰斯(Michael Owen Johanns)。他曾任内布拉斯加州州长(1999年-2005年)、美国农业部长(2005年-2007年)。同近义词


🔍 同近义词

  • aseptic: free from contamination caused by harmful bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms
  • hygienic: conducive to maintaining health and preventing disease, especially by being clean; sanitary
  • sterile: free from bacteria or other living microorganisms; totally clean
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