adversary是什么意思,adversary怎么用

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adversary

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📰 外刊例句

But consistent behaviour can have as deterrent an effect as erratic unpredictability: if your adversaries believe that you will keep your word, then your word can shape their actions. 然而始终一致的行为和古怪的不可预测性具有同样的威慑力:如果你的对手相信你会说到做到,那么你的话语会塑造他们的行为。

—— 《经济学人》

—— 《纽约时报》


📖 基本释义

[noun] one's opponent in a contest, conflict, or dispute
[名词] 在竞赛、冲突或争论中的对手


💡 深入解读

Adversary 是一个与小站两个多月前推送的adversity比较形近的单词,两者同源,都是源自拉丁语adversus(反对、敌对),但不要误以为前者是后者的衍生形容词。其中, adversary 一词于14世纪中期先后经古法语adversarie(敌人、敌意的对手)和英国法语adverser进入英语后即用作名词表示“敌手、对手”,多指在竞赛、争论、冲突、战斗等中的敌手或对手,内涵范围包括从单纯的反对到积极的敌对,

比如:

She coveted his job so blatantly that conversations between them were tense. Hence, he saw her as his main adversary within the company.她赤裸裸地表示想得到他的工作,以至于他们之间说话都带着火药味。因此,在他眼中,她是他在公司中的头号对手。

His adversary stance put our lives at hazard.此外, adversary 也可以用作形容词表示“对立的、敌对的”,同 adversarial ,尤指在政治或法律制度上对立的或敌对的,比如:他的敌对态度使我们的生命处于危险之中。

值得注意的是, the Adversary 这个专用表达是撒旦(Satan)的原名,即指“撒旦、魔鬼、人之大敌”。


📚 名著用例

"Your adversary has no warning about what kind of magic you're about to perform," said Hermione, "which gives you a split-second advantage." “对手不知道你打算施什么魔法,”赫敏说,“这就使你占有一刹那间的优势。”

— 出自《英国作家J.K.罗琳创作的长篇小说《哈利·波特与混血王子》( Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince )。该小说是《哈利·波特》系列的第六部。》


🔍 同近义词

  • nemesis: a long-standing rival; an archenemy
  • rival: a person or thing competing with another for the same objective or for superiority in the same field of activity
  • antagonist: a person who actively opposes or is hostile to someone or something; an adversary
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