banish是什么意思,banish怎么用

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banish

TEM8 GRE


📰 外刊例句

Ms George tours places as varied as Europe’s biggest blood-processing facility (near Bristol), an operating theatre in London, an HIV-ridden slum in South Africa and remote villages in Nepal where women are banished to outdoor sheds when they menstruate. 乔治游历过的地方多种多样,既有欧洲最大的血液处理厂(在布里斯托附近)和伦敦的手术室,也有南非艾滋病肆虐的贫民窟,还有尼泊尔的偏远村庄,那里的妇女在月经来潮时会被赶到户外的棚屋里。

—— 《经济学人》

—— 《时代周刊》


📖 基本释义

[verb] send (someone) away from a country or place as an official punishment
[动词] 作为一种官方惩罚,将(某人)送离某个国家或地方


💡 深入解读

在去年推送的小词详解 | bandit中,小站(微信公众号:田间小站)就曾提到了 banish 的起源,今天再来专门说说该词的具体用法。自14世纪末进入英语后, banish 即用来表示“放逐、驱逐、流放”,主要指作为一种官方惩罚,通过公共法令或判决来迫使某人永久性地或者在固定时间内离开某个(不一定是自己的)国家或地区,常用搭配 banish from ... to ... 作被动语态使用,

比如:

He was banished from England to Australia, where he succumbed to cancer five years later.他被从英格兰流放到澳大利亚,五年后在那里患癌去世。

The children banished him from their game because he always cheated.从这个概念出发,既可以用 banish 在生活中简单泛指“赶走、驱除”,比如:孩子们不让他参加游戏,因为他老是作弊。

Try to banish all thoughts of revenge from your mind. Don't worry. Gossip, after all, soon wearies.也可以进一步用 banish 引申指“清除、排除、消除”,好比驱逐出境那般彻底禁止、废除或摆脱某种不想要的东西,包括“不再去想、打消”某个念头,比如:你必须努力打消所有复仇的念头。别担心,流言蜚语终不能长久。


📚 名著用例

But I will endeavour to banish every painful thought, and think only of what will make me happy–your affection, and the invariable kindness of my dear uncle and aunt. 可是我一定会竭力打消一切苦痛的念头,只去想一些能使我高兴的事——譬如想想你的亲切以及亲爱的舅父母对我始终如一的关切。

— 出自《19世纪英国小说家简·奥斯丁(Jane Austen)的代表作《傲慢与偏见》( Pride and Prejudice )。参见: 名著下载 | 傲慢与偏见(Pride and Prejudice)》


🔍 同近义词

  • expel: force (someone) to leave a place, especially a country
  • oust: drive out or expel (someone) from a position or place
  • eliminate: completely remove or get rid of (something)
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