aggravate是什么意思,aggravate怎么用

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aggravate

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📰 外刊例句

It concluded “with medium confidence” that, with a 2°C rise, an additional 8% of the world’s population in 2000 will be exposed to new or aggravated water scarcity by 2050. 它以“中等置信度”得出结论称,如果温度上升2°C,到2050年,会有相当于2000年全球人口数8%的人面临新的或加剧的水资源短缺。

—— 《经济学人》

—— 《纽约时报》


📖 基本释义

[verb] make (a problem, injury, or offense) worse or more serious
[动词] 使(问题、伤害或罪行)变得更糟或更严重


💡 深入解读

Aggravate 是一个与小站(微信公众号:田间小站)之前推送过的gravitate同词根 grav, griev, grief (重)的单词,该词源自拉丁语aggravare(使更麻烦,字面意思“使变重、增加重量”),16世纪20年代进入英语后最初也是用来表示“使变重”。不过这个本义现已不再流行,转而到了16世纪末后开始发展出现在的主要含义指“加重、加剧、使严重、使恶化”,多指使疾病、问题、伤害、罪行等不好或困难的局势明显加剧,

比如:

Pollution can aggravate chronic asthma.污染会使慢性气喘加重。

Military planners are trying to circumvent the treaty. But it will only aggravate the conflict even further.军事策略家们正在设法绕开这一条约。但这只会进一步加剧冲突。

Stop aggravating me, will you! You will never understand why I get tired and grumpy.等到了17世纪初后, aggravate 开始在口语中用来表示加重人的负面情绪,即“激怒、惹恼”,多指通过长时间或反复的言行来引起不快、烦躁或恼怒,比如:别再气我了,好不好!你永远不会理解我为什么累、为什么爱发火。


📚 名著用例

"Yeah, but apart from that," said Ron, sounding aggravated . "I mean, he's a grouchy git, isn't he?" “可除了这个之外,”罗恩似乎很恼火,“我说,他不就是个暴躁的饭桶吗?”

— 出自《英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第五本《哈利·波特与凤凰社》( Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix )。》


🔍 同近义词

  • exacerbate: make (a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling) worse
  • nettle: irritate or annoy (someone)
  • vex: make (someone) feel annoyed, frustrated, or worried, especially with trivial matters
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