小词详解 | bleat

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bleat

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📰 外刊例句

Some observers argue that it has become impossible. The world is just too nasty and unfair, they bleat . 有观察家认为这样的成功已无可能,并抱怨这个世界太糟糕、太不公平。

—— 《经济学人》


📖 基本释义

[verb] (of a sheep, goat, or calf) make a characteristic wavering cry
[动词] (指绵羊、山羊或小牛)发出特有的颤叫声


💡 深入解读

Bleat 一词源自古英语blætan

,拟声于羊的“咩咩叫”,其基本含义即作动词表示“咩咩叫”以及作名词表示“咩咩叫声”,比如:

From the steep slope below, the wild goats bleated faintly.野山羊在下面陡峭的山坡上咩咩地轻声叫着。

作名词时, bleat 也可以进一步引申指“羊或小牛般的叫声”,比如:

The usher who was light and nimble on her feet tripped and went sprawling, and then she let out a bleat of pain.那个脚步轻盈灵活的迎宾员绊了一下,摔了个四脚朝天,然后她发出了一声痛苦的呻吟。

羊和小牛的咩咩声大都比较轻,所以 bleat 作动词时还可以引申指“羊叫般地轻声说话”或“微弱地尖声诉说”。而这个概念再进一步发展就成了“低声诉苦、抱怨”或“喋喋不休地抱怨”,多指抱怨者以一种令人厌烦或显得自己软弱、愚蠢的方式抱怨,比如:

The moribund company is always bleating about 'unfair' foreign competition.该行将倒闭的公司总是抱怨“不公平的”外国竞争。

The abject girl's always bleating (on) about how badly she's been treated.那个低声下气的女孩总是喋喋不休地抱怨别人对她多么不好。


📚 名著用例

No doubt those determined to keep Dumbledore on his crumbling pedestal will bleat that he did not, after all, put his plans into action, that he must have suffered a change of heart, that he came to his senses. 无疑,那些决心要把邓布利多留在残破的碑座上的人会无力地辩解,他毕竟没有把计划付诸实践,他准是经历过思想转变,醒悟过来了。

— 出自《英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第七本《哈利·波特与死亡圣器》( Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows )。《哈利·波特与死亡圣器》是整个小说系列的终结篇,交代了所有重要人物的最终命运。》


🔍 同近义词

  • grouse: complain about something trivial; grumble
  • carp: complain or
  • find
  • fault continually about
  • trivial
  • matters
  • grumble: complain about something in a bad-tempered way
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