condescend是什么意思,condescend怎么用

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condescend

TEM8 GRE


📰 外刊例句

WeChat is the best riposte to the condescending , widely held belief that Chinese internet firms are merely imitators of Western ones, and cannot innovate themselves. 人们普遍认为,中国互联网公司仅仅是西方公司的模仿者,自己则无法创新。对于这种傲慢的观点,微信无疑是最好的回击。

—— 《经济学人》

—— 《纽约时报》


📖 基本释义

[verb] show feelings of superiority; be patronizing
[动词] 表现出优越感;自认为高人一等


💡 深入解读

Condescend 一词源自拉丁语
condescendere
(顺从的),14世纪中期进入英语后原指上帝、国王等对人的弱点“给予极大的宽容”,到了14世纪后期发展为“恭顺地屈服”,不过这些含义现已不再流行。而是到了15世纪初, condescend 开始发展出现在的主要含义“俯就、屈尊”,即自愿放弃自己的优越地位或与地位相称的礼仪或尊严,与下级平等,比如:
我不知道特朗普是否会屈尊造访我们?
I wonder if
Trump
will condescend to visit us?
顽固的导演放下架子接受舞台工作人员的意见。
The
obdurate
director condescended to take advice from the stagehand.
这个本是象征着亲切和礼貌的概念,往往更多的用作贬义进行讽刺,即形容某人自视甚高,自以为自己高人一等地去屈尊和俯就,比如:
他赏脸开腔后,半个小时内就有三四次说话自相矛盾。他一字一顿,听上去很生硬。
When he condescended to speak, he contradicted himself three or four times in the space of half an hour. His voice was harsh as he
enunciated
each word carefully.
我们等了几乎一小时他才屈尊大驾来见我们。他徐缓从容的声音和举止表明他出身贵族。
We had to wait almost an hour before he condescended to see us. His
languid
voice and manner suggested an aristocratic
pedigree
.
相比主动善意的俯就,这种假意屈尊明显是“带有优越感地表示关心”或者说“以恩赐态度相待”,这也可以用动词短语
condescend to sb
来表示“对某人表现出高人一等的姿态、带有优越感地对待某人”,比如:
别在我面前摆架子。也别自吹自擂了。
Don't condescend to me. And stop blowing your own
trumpet
.
他的脾气十分暴躁,别人很难与他相处。但他解释情况时不会对听众表现出高人一等的样子。
He had a
volatile
temper and couldn't have been easy to live with. But he explained things without condescending to his audience.
而 condescend 的衍生词 condescending 自然相应表示“俯就的、屈尊的”以及“表现出优越感的、抱恩赐态度的、居高临下的”。

📚 名著用例

But her self-control was severely tested many times, because of the personal questions they asked and because of the smug and condescending attitude they displayed toward all things Southern. 不过她的自我克制能力多次受到严峻考

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