slough是什么意思,slough怎么用

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slough

SAT GRE


📰 外刊例句

He was estranged from his wife, splitting from his management and trying to slough off rock-star excess. 他和妻子分居,与经纪人分道扬镳,试图摆脱摇滚明星的颓靡生活。

—— 《经济学人》

—— 《纽约时报》


📖 基本释义

[verb] shed or remove (a layer of dead skin)
[动词] 脱落或去除(一层死皮)


💡 深入解读

Slough 是一个与小站上周推送的
slouch
比较形似的单词,其基本动词含义蛇等“蜕皮”或者说蛇皮等“脱落”源自中古低地德语
slu
(外壳、外皮),可以用来表示坏死组织“结痂脱落”,比如:
蛇定期蜕皮,并囫囵吞下食物。
Snakes slough their skin regularly and
engulf
their food whole.
我的双腿被尖刺擦破了。现在坏死组织正在慢慢地结痂脱落。
My legs were
excoriated
by the prickles. Now the dead tissue is sloughing slowly.
这些概念也可以用短语动词
slough sth↔off
表示,不过这个短语动词常作为一个正式用语,用来引申指“摒弃、抛弃、摆脱”,多指像蜕皮那样摆脱一些不想要的、讨厌的、累赘的或无用的东西,比如:
通过磨砂膏去除死皮细胞。它不会磨痛你的皮肤。
Slough off dead skin cells by using a facial scrub. It won't
chafe
your skin.
总统今年已经不是第一次被人指责态度暧昧了。他不该逃避自己的责任。并且责任也不是那么容易推卸的。
It's not the first time this year that the president has been accused of
straddling
an issue. He should not
duck
out of his responsibilities. And responsibilities are not sloughed off so easily.
对于自己不想要的东西,一般就会将其“忽视”或者“认为……无足轻重”,而这还可以用短语动词
slough over
表示,比如:
他们想出了一个办法来应对环境保护方面一些目前被忽视的问题。
They
contrived
a way to handle some of the aspects of environmental protection that are currently being sloughed over.
相应的,当用作名词时, slough 除了自然表示“蛇蜕”和医学上的“坏死组织、腐肉、腐痂”以外,还可以用来指“丢弃的事物”,如恶习、偏见、破旧衣服等,比如:
废弃原始的习俗和信仰会给社会带来巨大益处。
Casting off the slough of primitive ways and beliefs would be an enormous
boon
to the society.
他改掉了一种很坏的习气。他曾是个巧言令色的说谎高手。
He has risen from a deplorable slough. He used to be a
plausible
liar.
在首图下方的音标栏中,不论是英式还是美式, slough 都有两个发音,这是因为 slough 同小站(微信公众号:田间小站)之前推送过的
douse
,
spell
,
egg
等一样,也是个同形异义词。前一个发音用于以上含义,而后一个发音则是源自中古英语
sloh
(松软、泥泞的地面),作名词指“泥沼、泥淖、沼泽”,且更为常见的是用其引申义“苦难的深渊、绝望的境地”,常搭配 sl
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